So, what does it mean?
Tightly correlated with a endothelial dysfunction
OK so looked that up
Bad news: nearly all the supplements stated I take anyway
I am already following LPauling protocol!
so tried this:
" An elevated PLAC test is an actionable tool, and may indicate a need for more aggressive therapy, including treatment to lower LDL Cholesterol levels. Lipid lowering agents including statins are proven to reduce cardiovascular events. Knowing that there is active disease, rather than just risk, may create a greater sense of urgency in patients to become more compliant with treatment recommendations"
so I read another site:
BUT they're selling tablets - I don't like tablets
Then I read:
good news...
" it can be significantly reduced by 24 weeks of intensive diet and exercise"
Not sure what 'diet' means so read some more:
"If you do have higher than average levels, don’t expect your doctor to offer any suggestions on how to lower your Lp-PLA2. Most doctors seem to be stuck on trying to reduce the risk of heart disease and stroke by pushing statin drugs to lower cholesterol. Fortunately, there are a number of natural strategies your doctor may not know about that can help you keep the inflammatory process in balance.
One of the easiest, most effective ways to dampen inflammation is with the foods you choose to eat. While red meat, eggs, refined sugar and dairy can trigger inflammation, there are a number of anti-inflammatory foods that make tasty additions to your diet. Fresh fruits and vegetables, beans, nuts, seeds, tea, red wine and pomegranate juice are potent antioxidants that can thwart inflammation before it even begins. Try to include at least one of two of these foods with each meal or snack.
One last thing . . .
When it comes to anti-inflammatory supplements, omega-3-rich fish oil is hard to beat."
" Anti-inflammatory diet: Lots of vegetables/fruits, omega-3 fatty fish, nuts, olive oil; reduce animal products, omega 6 fats"
Then I went to:
" Adopt a heart-healthy diet by eating more vegetables, fruits, and whole grain foods and reducing the amount of fatty foods you eat. • Exercise more and on a consistent basis."
Then I went to:
"
Increased values have been associated with endothelial dysfunction and peripheral arterial disease. Lp-PLA2 is the only test FDA approved assessing the risk for stroke.
Patients in the upper tertile for both CRP and Lp-PLA2 are at highest risk. In the Atherosclerosis risks in communities (ARIC) study, patients with both CRP and Lp-PLA2 in the upper turtle of the population had a 5x increased risk for myocardial infarction and 11x increased risk for stroke.
Goal – < 200 ng/mL
What to do to improve it – Treat to LDL goal and if Lp-PLA2 is still elevated, target more aggressive lipid-lowering goals. Intensify treatment of non-lipid risk factors such as blood pressure. Lifestyle management that includes healthy weight loss, exercise, adequate sleep, stress management, and smoking cessation. Statins, fibric acids, and niacin have been shown to have Lp-PLA2 lowering effects"
I returned to:
" Levels over 200 or 220 ng/mL are very highly correlated with endothelial dysfunction, which in turn is highly correlated with cardiovascular events and predisposition to atherosclerosis. In practical terms, the PLAC® test can help physicians determine whether someone is at the high end of the low-risk group or at moderate risk. If they have a low Lp-PLA2, less aggressive management strategies may be indicated, while those with a higher level of Lp-PLA2 would more likely need intensive treatment."
Then I went to: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.
" We suggest that a shift toward a plant-based diet may confer protective effects against atherosclerotic CAD by increasing endothelial protective factors in the circulation while reducing factors that are injurious to endothelial cells. "
Then I went to:
" It has been demonstrated that a high carbohydrate-induced hyperglycemia and subsequent oxidative stress acutely worsen the efficacy of the endothelial vasodilatory system. Thus, in theory, a carbohydrate restricted diet may preserve the integrity of the arterial system. This review attempts to provide insight on whether low-carbohydrate diets have a favorable or detrimental impact on vascular function, or it is perhaps the quality of carbohydrate that should direct dietary recommendations. Research to date suggests that diets low in carbohydrate amount may negatively impact vascular endothelial function. Conversely, it appears that maintaining recommended carbohydrate intake with utilization of low glycemic index foods generates a more favorable vascular profil"
which was a bit surprising....
and...
" Available evidence indicates that carbohydrate restriction does not appear to be a viable dietary strategy in the context of their effects on early stages of atherogenesis. While low-CHO diets may have short-term weight loss and some metabolic benefits, their utilization has largely demonstrated as deleterious on endothelial function in dietary feeding trials. These observations may provide insights into recent associations of low-CHO diets with increased mortality. It appears that a U-shaped relationship is emerging where both high and low dietary carbohydrate intakes may be associated with adverse outcomes"
But that was 2015
In 2016
" : Very-low carbohydrate diets can improve glycaemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM). However, compared to traditional higher carbohydrate, low fat (HighCHO) diets, they have been associated with impaired endothelial function (measured by flow mediated dilatation [FMD]) that is possibly related to saturated fat"
Then I saw this:
A High-Carbohydrate, High-Fiber Meal Improves Endothelial Function in Adults With the Metabolic Syndrome
"
To our knowledge, the present data are the first to show a significant positive effect of a high-fiber, mixed meal on endothelial function in subjects with the metabolic syndrome. This is consistent with data showing positive associations between increased cereal consumption and reduced risk of cardiovascular disease, the metabolic syndrome, and markers of systemic inflammation (9–13). Insoluble fiber–rich wheat bran, with its considerable antioxidant properties (17), may be a key factor in this relationship (9).
The low-carbohydrate meal significantly reduced FMD to approximately <6%, and the high-carbohydrate, high-fiber meal markedly increased FMD to nearly 12%"
and then I saw this:
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