Stroke risk factors

In the first 3000 cases (n=2337, 78%, with ischaemic stroke; n=663, 22%, with intracerebral haemorrhagic stroke) and 3000 controls, significant risk factors for all stroke were:

history of hypertension (OR 2·64, 99% CI 2·26–3·08; PAR 34·6%, 99% CI 30·4–39·1); 

current smoking (2·09, 1·75–2·51; 18·9%, 15·3–23·1); 

waist-to-hip ratio (1·65, 1·36–1·99 for highest vs lowest tertile; 26·5%, 18·8–36·0); 

diet risk score (1·35, 1·11–1·64 for highest vs lowest tertile; 18·8%, 11·2–29·7); 

regular physical activity (0·69, 0·53–0·90; 28·5%, 14·5–48·5); 

diabetes mellitus (1·36, 1·10–1·68; 5·0%, 2·6–9·5); 

alcohol intake (1·51, 1·18–1·92 for more than 30 drinks per month or binge drinking; 3·8%, 0·9–14·4); 

psychosocial stress (1·30, 1·06–1·60; 4·6%, 2·1–9·6) and 

depression (1·35, 1·10–1·66; 5·2%, 2·7–9·8); 

cardiac causes (2·38, 1·77–3·20; 6·7%, 4·8–9·1); and

ratio of apolipoproteins B to A1 (1·89, 1·49–2·40 for highest vs lowest tertile; 24·9%, 15·7–37·1). 

Collectively, these risk factors accounted for 88·1% (99% CI 82·3–92·2) of the PAR for all stroke

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